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a b Krall, S.; Peveling, R.; Diallo, B.D. (1997). New Strategies in Locust Control. Springer Science & Business Media. pp.4–6. ISBN 978-3-7643-5442-8.

Most ant species will send individual scouts to find food sources and later recruit others from the colony to help; however, army ants dispatch a cooperative, leaderless group of foragers to detect and overwhelm the prey at once. [3] [5] Army ants do not have a permanent nest but instead form many bivouacs as they travel. The constant traveling is due to the need to hunt large amounts of prey to feed its enormous colony population. [5] Their queens are wingless and have abdomens that expand significantly during egg production. [8] This allows for the production of 3–4 million eggs every month and often results in synchronized brood cycles, thus each colony will be formed of millions of individuals that descend from a single queen. These three traits are found in all army ant species and are the defining traits of army ants. [3] [11] Nomadic and stationary phase [ edit ] Swarming behaviour decreased in the 20th century, but despite modern surveillance and control methods, swarms can still form; when suitable weather conditions occur and vigilance lapses, plagues can occur. [5] [6]Ceccato, Pietro. "Operational Early Warning System Using Spot-Vegetation And Terra-Modis To Predict Desert Locust Outbreaks" (PDF). Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2014 . Retrieved 5 March 2016.

Hermann, Henry R., ed. (1982). Social Insects. Vol.IV. New York: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-342204-0. OCLC 37854847.

The soldiers of army ants are larger than the workers, and they have much larger mandibles than the worker class of ants, with older soldiers possessing larger heads and stronger mandibles than the younger ones. They protect the colony, and help carry the heaviest loads of prey to the colony bivouac. Bombay locust – Nomadacris succincta". Locust Handbook. Humanity Development Library . Retrieved 3 April 2015.