Destination Vinyl Posters A1 - Healthy Eating Fruit Food Art Print 90 X 60 cm 180gsm satin gloss photo paper #39707

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The UK is more reliant on particular countries or regions for specific foodstuffs at different times of the year, due to a variety of growing seasons across the world. Seasonality is complex and product specific. The UK depends on diverse supply lines to meet demand for out-of-season products throughout the year, following growing seasons across the world. Year-round access to out of season fresh fruit and vegetables ( FFV) has increased in the last 20 to 30 years, leading to longer and more complex supply chains. A risk-based approach applies to controls on fruit and vegetables from Great Britain at points of entry in Northern Ireland. In line with the very low risk posed by GB goods, SMS and GMS goods can be released into free circulation (declared and customs duties paid) in Northern Ireland without needing a GB-issued certificate of conformity. This may change on the basis of risk.

WRAP, Courtauld Commitment Annual Report 2021, https://wrap.org.uk/resources/report/courtauld-commitment-annual-report-2021. ↩

Plums

Overreliance on one geographical area and dependence on particular supply sources makes food supply more vulnerable, while diversity of sources makes it more resilient. UK consumer preferences and diets include a range of products that cannot be grown in the UK or cannot be grown year-round. Therefore, the UK does not produce everything it eats or eat everything it produces. If you import any regulated and notifiable goods on the high-priority goods list ( ODT, 12.6 KB), follow the rules for high-priority goods. Climate change presents a separate risk. The Climate Change Committee’s Independent Assessment of UK Climate Risk projects warming of 0.2-0.4°C per decade to 2100 and beyond in the shallow shelf seas around the UK, particularly in the English Channel and southern North Sea. Warming seas, ocean acidification, and changes in salinity impact the entire marine biosphere and food chain on which commercial fishing depends. Fish farms face separate climate-related risks. If you’re exporting goods that are covered by Specific Marketing Standards ( SMS), you may need a certificate of conformity for your goods to get customs clearance in Great Britain.

Fertilisers have the potential to cause environmental damage to water and air quality as well as contributing to climate change through nitrous oxide emissions. These effects can be exacerbated and mitigated by application method and rate. JNCC, ‘UK Biodiversity Indicators 2021 Revised’, https://jncc.gov.uk/our-work/uk-biodiversity-indicators-2021/. ↩ The majority of the UK’s croppable land is used for grain production (3 million ha), with 415,000 ha used for oilseed, 142,000 ha for potatoes, 166,000 ha for horticultural crops, and 719,000 ha for other crops in 2020. Much of the annual variation between specific crops is due to factors such as the weather and prices rather than any long-term and more systematic variation. An exception is the decline since 2018 in land given to oilseeds, which partly reflects increased pesticide resistance among stem flea beetles and the withdrawal of neonicotinoid insecticides. An increase in ‘Other crops’ suggests farmers are planting a larger variety of crops than previously. Trends Agritourism takes place all around the world, with more and more agritourism businesses popping up all the time. Here are some examples: Agritourism in the Philippines Pre-notification’ means giving advance notice to the responsible authority for goods that arrive in Great Britain.

You do not need a certificate of conformity for goods covered by General Marketing Standards ( GMS) to get customs clearance in Great Britain. If an importing EU member state requests a certificate of conformity for GMS goods, you can apply for this in Great Britain. If you need to return goods to the EU, they will be treated as an export. The competent authority will explain to you how to do this, if it happens. The UK has a productive agricultural sector and a domestic agri-food manufacturing industry that produces food to high standards. The amounts and types of food produced are driven by market forces and consumer demand for goods, rather than by assessment of overall quantity of food or of self-sufficiency. Many factors affect the output of domestic production, including:

Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) has adopted a phased approach to plant health controls for plants and plant products imported from the European Union ( EU). This phased approach started in January 2021. See a list of countries with AIS status (and their inspection bodies). Moving fruit and vegetables from Northern Ireland to Great BritainTo import fruit and vegetables from the EU to Northern Ireland, follow DAERA’s guidance on importing plants and plant products from the EU to Northern Ireland. Importing fruit and vegetables directly from non-EU countries to Great Britain All goods that have to meet the Specific Marketing Standards ( SMS) need a certificate of conformity before they can enter Great Britain. To ensure a consistent supply of food, the UK relies both on its own production and on imports. Home-grown produce is the largest source of food for the UK. Resilience is ensured through a combination of strong domestic production from the UK’s productive agriculture and food manufacturing sectors, and a diverse range of overseas supply sources. Defra currently supports a long-term research platform for the genetic improvement of arable crops and fresh produce. These Genetic Improvement Networks ( GINs) aim to improve the productivity, sustainability, resilience, and nutritional quality of UK crops, including wheat, oilseed rape, leafy vegetables, and pulses. This includes significant research to enhance resilience to climate change risks such as drought and heat stress. Overall resilience is supported by trading with a variety of external partners and the UK imports and exports flexibly as production and prices dictate. Trends

Inefficiencies and wastage in food production and processing reduce both the quantity of food that can be consumed domestically or be exported. They also represent unnecessary land and resource use, contributes millions of tonnes of carbon emissions, and involves billions of pounds of wasted value. Most fruit and vegetables need a phytosanitary certificate before they’re exported from the UK to a non-EU country. You can save time by applying for a phytosanitary certificate and a certificate of conformity at the same time. If you want to apply for both certificates at the same time, apply for the phytosanitary application first. Longer growing seasons and warmer temperatures may have some positive effects for particular crops and regions, but overall risk magnitude is assessed to increase from medium at present to high in future. Increased climate exposure (including heat stress, drought risk, and wetness-related risks) is modifying productive capacity and will continue to do so in future in line with the degrees of warming experienced. The severity of risk to agriculture from climate change could further increase if mitigation efforts are ineffective in preventing non-linear threshold effects and ‘tipping points’ in global systems. Measuring the land area in production gives a sense of the place of food production in overall land use. The definition of land used for agricultural production includes arable, horticultural, uncropped arable, common rough grazing, grassland (temporary and permanent), and land for outdoor pigs, but not woodland or other non-agricultural land. Origin of fresh fruit consumption is more diverse, with 97% by volume from the UK, EU, South America, North America, and Africa. This reflects UK consumer demand for tropical and out-of-season fruit which cannot be sourced domestically or from Europe. UK production to consumption has increased a little since 2009 but remains low. Trends

Gooseberries

The production to supply ratio is estimated to be 60% for all food in 2020 and 76% for indigenous type food (that which can be commercially grown domestically). Actual consumption of UK-produced food is closer to 54%, as a part of UK production is exported. Trends Farming work obviously falls into this category, and as hard as it is people say some of their best memories of Australia are from working on farms. It is a chance to meet other people who are travelling across the country, and you’ll feel proud of your hard work! Agritourism in India In meat, milk, and eggs, the UK produces roughly equivalent volume to what it consumes. In 2020 it produced 61kg of meat, 227L of milk and 172 eggs per person per year. By value, the UK is a net importer of dairy and beef. This reflects UK consumer preferences for eating higher value products, while lower value products are exported. at least 4 working hours before the goods land in Great Britain, for air and ‘roll-on-roll-off’ freight